“Hand sort”
(considered “direct furnace feed”) in Mexico is typically oxide
ore (the mineral is senarmontite or valentinite) that has been
upgraded by hand sorting to a grade of 30-60% contained
antimony. Alternatively it can be sulfide ore (the mineral is
stibnite) that has been upgraded by hand sorting to 30-60%
contained antimony. Hand sort from Mexico is often a mixture
of sulfides and oxides.
“Sulfide
concentrates” are usually flotation concentrates produced in a
mill that will range from 50-68% contained antimony. The mineral
is usually stibnite and the theoretical maximum antimony content
is 71.1%. Recoveries from flotation mills are generally 80-95%.
“Oxide
concentrates”
are produced using gravimetric methods such
as jigs, tables, and spirals. They are generally either senarmontite and/or valentinite that are both antimony trioxide
with a theoretical maximum antimony content of 83.53%. Gravity
concentrates are typically much lower grade than sulfide
concentrates and are in the 25-40% antimony content range. Recoveries
from oxide plants are generally less than 50%.
“Crude”
means crude antimony trioxide, typically 82.5% antimony metal
contained. The desirable mineral is senarmontite. This can be
refumed directly to “finished” oxide or converted to metal, or sold
directly as a feed for other plants. It is typically an
off-white color (gray or light brown).
“Finished”
means finished antimony trioxide. It typically is senarmontite
and has an antimony content of 82.5 –83.3%. It is brilliant
white.
“Fuming”
refers to the process of fuming hand sort, oxide concentrates,
sulfide concentrates, or crude to either crude or finished.
“Reduction”
refers to reducing oxide hand sort, sodium antimonite or crude
to metal. Carbon is generally used.